Difference Between ANSI and ASME
The American National Standards Institute, also abbreviated as ANSI, and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, also abbreviated as ASME, are both private, non-profit organizations mainly focusing on bringing uniformity in voluntary standards used in the engineering discipline. Although both organizations work on national and global standards, the core difference between the two organizations can be clearly seen in their mission and vision. ASME is more inclined towards setting codes and standards for mechanical devices. ANSI accredits standards for the products, processes, systems, services, and resources of the United States.
ANSI was originally founded on May 14, 1918, with members from government agencies, corporations, organizations, academic fields, and individuals. ASME is one of the oldest standards developing organizations founded in 1880 as a result of numerous steam boiler pressure vessel failures. The members of ASME comprise professional engineers and various companies.
The main focus of ANSI lies in overseeing the standards developed by the personnel of the standards developing organization for products and services so as to ensure the features and the performance levels of the products developed in the United States are consistent. ANSI works to fortify the position of the United States in the global market. ANSI is also actively involved in accrediting organizations the sponsor product or personnel certification in compliance with the international standards by meeting all the requirements. ANSI also works on some green initiatives such as protecting ecosystems. On the other hand, ASME is involved in numerous activities, such as; magazines, technical publications, conducting technical conferences, professional development courses, as well as sponsoring various educational programs, ASME believes in promoting art, science, and mechanical engi-neering and other allied sciences to the technical communities across the world.
ANSI concentrates on taking the U.S. businesses at top levels by promoting voluntary consensus standards. ASME, on the other hand, concentrates on delivering solutions to the real issues faced by the engineering professionals in day-to-day life.
Though ANSI doesn’t develop standards by itself, it supervises the development and use of the standards by organizations. ASME has developed more than 600 codes and standards for mechanical devices such as; boiler components, elevators, mea-surement of fluid in closed conduits, fasteners, and other tools covering all technical aspects.
ASME/ANSI B1.20.1 Threaded Dimensions and Depths
Definitions:
MPT can mean Male Pipe Thread or Mechanical Pipe Thread (a non-tapered variety) and is a subset of NPT for male connections.
FPT can mean Female Pipe Thread and is a subset of NPT for female connections.
PIPE SIZE | THREADS PER INCH | APP. THREAD LENGTH (IN) | APPROX. # OF THREAD TURNS TO BE CUT | APPROX. TOTAL THREAD MAKEUP, HAND AND WRENCH (IN) | NOMINAL OUTSIDE PIPE DIAMETER (ØD) (IN) | TAP DRILL (IN) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/16” | 27 | 0.313 | ||||
1/8” | 27 | 3/8 | 10 | 1/4 | 0.405 | R |
1/4” | 18 | 5/8 | 11 | 3/8 | 0.540 | 7/16 |
3/8” | 18 | 5/8 | 11 | 3/8 | 0.675 | 37/64 |
1/2” | 14 | 3/4 | 10 | 7/16 | 0.840 | 23/32 |
3/4” | 14 | 3/4 | 10 | 1/2 | 1.050 | 59/64 |
1” | 11-1/2 | 7/8 | 10 | 9/16 | 1.315 | 1-5/32 |
1-1/4” | 11-1/2 | 1 | 11 | 9/16 | 1.660 | 1-1/2 |
1-1/2” | 11-1/2 | 1 | 11 | 9/16 | 1.900 | 1-47/64 |
2” | 11-1/2 | 1 | 11 | 5/8 | 2.375 | 2-7/32 |
2-1/2” | 8 | 1-1/2 | 12 | 7/8 | 2.875 | 2-5/8 |
3” | 8 | 1-1/2 | 12 | 1 | 3.50 | 3-1/4 |
4” | 8 | 1-5/8 | 13 | 1-1/16 | 4.5 | 4-1/4 |
The ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers - ASME/ANSI B16 Standards covers pipes and fittings in cast iron, cast bronze, wrought copper and steel.
ASME/ANSI B16.5 - Pipe Flanges & Flanged Fittings
The ASME B16.5 - 1996 Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, testing, and methods of designating openings for pipe flanges and flanged fittings.
The standard includes flanges with rating class designations 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 24, with requirements given in both metric and U.S. units. The Standard is limited to flanges and flanged fittings made from cast or forged materials, and blind flanges and certain reducing flanges made from cast, forges, or plate materials. Also included in this Standard are requirements and recommendations regarding flange bolting, flanged gaskets, and flanged joints.
ASME/ANSI B16.10 - 2000 - FACE-TO-FACE AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS OF VALVES
This Standard covers face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions of straightway valves, and center-to-face and center-to-end dimensions of angle valves. Its purpose is to assure installation interchangeability for valves of a given material, type size, rating class, and end connection.
ASME/ANSI B16.18 - 1984 (R1994) - CAST COPPER ALLOY SOLDER JOINT PRESSURE FITTINGS
This Standard for cast copper alloy solder joint pressure fittings designed for use with copper water tube, establishes requirements for:
- Pressure-temperature ratings
- Abbreviations for end connections
- Sizes and method designating opening of fittings
- Marking
- Material
- Dimensions and tolerances
- Tests
ASME/ANSI B16.33 - 1990 - MANUALLY OPERATED METALLIC GAS VALVES FOR USE IN GAS PIPING SYSTEMS UP TO 124 PSIG
Generally this Standard covers requirements for manually operated metallic valves sizes NPS 1.2 through NPS 2, for outdoor installation as gas shut-off valves at the end of the gas service line and before the gas regulator and meter where the designated gauge pressure of the gas piping system does not exceed 125 psi (8.6 bar). The Standard applies to valves operated in a temperature environment between 0.20°F and 150°F (0.29°C and 66°C). Design this Standard set forth the minimum capabilities, characteristics, and properties, which a valve at the time of manufacture must possess, in order to be considered suitable for use in gas piping systems.
ASME/ANSI B16.34 - 1996 - FLANGED, THREADED, AND WELDED-END
This Standard applies to new valve construction and cover pressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, tolerances, materials, non-destructive examination requirements, testing, and marking for cast, forged, and fabricated flanged, threaded, and welding end, and wafer or flangeless valves of steel, nickel-based alloys, and other alloys shown in Table 1. Wafer or flangeless valves, bolted or through-bolt types, that are installed between flanges or against a flange shall be treated as flanged-end valve.
Maximum allowable working pressure (psig) and temperature ratings for steel pipe flanges and flanged fittings according to the American National Standard ANSI B16.5 - 1988.
CARBON STEEL FLANGES | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pressure Class (lb) | |||||||
Temperature (°F) | ANSI 150 | ANSI 300 | ANSI 400 | ANSI 600 | ANSI 900 | ANSI 1500 | ANSI 2500 |
Hydrostatic Test Pressure (psig) | |||||||
200 (°F) | 285 | 740 | 990 | 1480 | 2220 | 3705 | 6170 |
300 (°F) | 230 | 655 | 875 | 1315 | 1970 | 3280 | 5470 |
400 (°F) | 200 | 635 | 845 | 1270 | 1900 | 3170 | 5280 |
500 (°F) | 170 | 600 | 800 | 1200 | 1795 | 2995 | 4990 |
600 (°F) | 140 | 550 | 730 | 1095 | 1640 | 2735 | 4560 |
650 (°F) | 125 | 535 | 715 | 1075 | 1610 | 2685 | 4475 |
700 (°F) | 110 | 535 | 710 | 1065 | 1600 | 2665 | 4440 |
750 (°F) | 95 | 505 | 670 | 1010 | 1510 | 2520 | 4200 |
STAINLESS STEEL FLANGES | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pressure Class (lb) | |||||||
Temperature (°F) | ANSI 150 | ANSI 300 | ANSI 400 | ANSI 600 | ANSI 900 | ANSI 1500 | ANSI 2500 |
Hydrostatic Test Pressure (psig) | |||||||
-20 to 100 (°F) | 275 | 720 | 960 | 1440 | 2160 | 3600 | 6000 |
200 (°F) | 235 | 620 | 825 | 1240 | 1860 | 3095 | 5160 |
300 (°F) | 215 | 560 | 745 | 1120 | 1680 | 275 | 4660 |
400 (°F) | 195 | 515 | 685 | 1025 | 1540 | 2570 | 4280 |
500 (°F) | 170 | 480 | 635 | 955 | 1435 | 2390 | 3980 |
600 (°F) | 140 | 450 | 600 | 900 | 1355 | 2255 | 3760 |
650 (°F) | 125 | 440 | 590 | 885 | 1325 | 2210 | 3680 |
700 (°F) | 110 | 435 | 580 | 570 | 1305 | 2170 | 3620 |
750 (°F) | 95 | 425 | 570 | 855 | 1280 | 2135 | 3560 |
Flanged End Pressure Ratings - Pressure ratings for fittings that have both tube fitting end connections and flange connections are determined by the connection with the lowest pressure rating.
WORKING PRESSURES BY CLASSES, BAR | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Temperature (°C) | ANSI 150 | ANSI 300 | ANSI 400 | ANSI 600 | ANSI 900 | ANSI 1500 | ANSI 2500 |
-29 to 38 (°C) | 19 | 49.6 | 66.2 | 99.3 | 148.9 | 248.2 | 413.7 |
50 (°C) | 18.4 | 48.1 | 64.2 | 96.2 | 144.3 | 240.6 | 400.9 |
100 (°C) | 16.2 | 42.2 | 56.3 | 84.4 | 126.6 | 211 | 351.6 |
150 (°C) | 14.8 | 38.5 | 51.3 | 77 | 115.5 | 192.5 | 320.8 |
200 (°C) | 13.7 | 35.7 | 47.6 | 71.3 | 107 | 178.3 | 297.2 |
250 (°C) | 12.1 | 33.4 | 44.5 | 66.8 | 100.1 | 166.9 | 278.1 |
300 (°C) | 10.2 | 31.6 | 42.2 | 63.2 | 94.9 | 158.1 | 263.5 |
325 (°C) | 9.3 | 30.9 | 41.2 | 61.8 | 92.7 | 154.4 | 257.4 |
350 (°C) | 8.4 | 30.3 | 40.4 | 60.7 | 91 | 151.6 | 252.7 |
375 (°C) | 7.4 | 29.9 | 39.8 | 59.8 | 89.6 | 149.4 | 249 |
400 (°C) | 6.5 | 29.4 | 39.3 | 58.9 | 88.3 | 147.2 | 245.3 |
425 (°C) | 5.5 | 29.1 | 38.9 | 58.3 | 87.4 | 145.7 | 242.9 |
450 (°C) | 4.6 | 28.8 | 38.5 | 57.7 | 86.5 | 144.2 | 240.4 |
475 (°C) | 3.7 | 28.7 | 38.2 | 57.3 | 86 | 143.4 | 238.9 |
500(°C) | 2.8 | 28.2 | 37.6 | 56.5 | 84.7 | 140.9 | 235 |
538(°C) | 1.4 | 25.2 | 33.4 | 50 | 75.2 | 125.5 | 208.9 |