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Difference Between ANSI and ASME

The American National Standards Institute, also abbreviated as ANSI, and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, also abbreviated as ASME, are both private, non-profit organizations mainly focusing on bringing uniformity in voluntary standards used in the engineering discipline. Although both organizations work on national and global standards, the core difference between the two organizations can be clearly seen in their mission and vision. ASME is more inclined towards setting codes and standards for mechanical devices. ANSI accredits standards for the products, processes, systems, services, and resources of the United States.

ANSI was originally founded on May 14, 1918, with members from government agencies, corporations, organizations, academic fields, and individuals. ASME is one of the oldest standards developing organizations founded in 1880 as a result of numerous steam boiler pressure vessel failures. The members of ASME comprise professional engineers and various companies.

The main focus of ANSI lies in overseeing the standards developed by the personnel of the standards developing organization for products and services so as to ensure the features and the performance levels of the products developed in the United States are consistent. ANSI works to fortify the position of the United States in the global market. ANSI is also actively involved in accrediting organizations the sponsor product or personnel certification in compliance with the international standards by meeting all the requirements. ANSI also works on some green initiatives such as protecting ecosystems. On the other hand, ASME is involved in numerous activities, such as; magazines, technical publications, conducting technical conferences, professional development courses, as well as sponsoring various educational programs, ASME believes in promoting art, science, and mechanical engi-neering and other allied sciences to the technical communities across the world.

ANSI concentrates on taking the U.S. businesses at top levels by promoting voluntary consensus standards. ASME, on the other hand, concentrates on delivering solutions to the real issues faced by the engineering professionals in day-to-day life.

Though ANSI doesn’t develop standards by itself, it supervises the development and use of the standards by organizations. ASME has developed more than 600 codes and standards for mechanical devices such as; boiler components, elevators, mea-surement of fluid in closed conduits, fasteners, and other tools covering all technical aspects.

ASME/ANSI B1.20.1 Threaded Dimensions and Depths

Definitions:

MPT can mean Male Pipe Thread or Mechanical Pipe Thread (a non-tapered variety) and is a subset of NPT for male connections.

FPT can mean Female Pipe Thread and is a subset of NPT for female connections.

PIPE SIZE THREADS PER INCH APP. THREAD LENGTH (IN) APPROX. # OF THREAD TURNS TO BE CUT APPROX. TOTAL THREAD MAKEUP, HAND AND WRENCH (IN) NOMINAL OUTSIDE PIPE DIAMETER (ØD) (IN) TAP DRILL (IN)
1/16” 27 0.313
1/8” 27 3/8 10 1/4 0.405 R
1/4” 18 5/8 11 3/8 0.540 7/16
3/8” 18 5/8 11 3/8 0.675 37/64
1/2” 14 3/4 10 7/16 0.840 23/32
3/4” 14 3/4 10 1/2 1.050 59/64
1” 11-1/2 7/8 10 9/16 1.315 1-5/32
1-1/4” 11-1/2 1 11 9/16 1.660 1-1/2
1-1/2” 11-1/2 1 11 9/16 1.900 1-47/64
2” 11-1/2 1 11 5/8 2.375 2-7/32
2-1/2” 8 1-1/2 12 7/8 2.875 2-5/8
3” 8 1-1/2 12 1 3.50 3-1/4
4” 8 1-5/8 13 1-1/16 4.5 4-1/4

The ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers - ASME/ANSI B16 Standards covers pipes and fittings in cast iron, cast bronze, wrought copper and steel.

ASME/ANSI B16.5 - Pipe Flanges & Flanged Fittings

The ASME B16.5 - 1996 Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking, testing, and methods of designating openings for pipe flanges and flanged fittings.
The standard includes flanges with rating class designations 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 in sizes NPS 1/2 through NPS 24, with requirements given in both metric and U.S. units. The Standard is limited to flanges and flanged fittings made from cast or forged materials, and blind flanges and certain reducing flanges made from cast, forges, or plate materials. Also included in this Standard are requirements and recommendations regarding flange bolting, flanged gaskets, and flanged joints.

ASME/ANSI B16.10 - 2000 - FACE-TO-FACE AND END-TO-END DIMENSIONS OF VALVES

This Standard covers face-to-face and end-to-end dimensions of straightway valves, and center-to-face and center-to-end dimensions of angle valves. Its purpose is to assure installation interchangeability for valves of a given material, type size, rating class, and end connection.

ASME/ANSI B16.18 - 1984 (R1994) - CAST COPPER ALLOY SOLDER JOINT PRESSURE FITTINGS

This Standard for cast copper alloy solder joint pressure fittings designed for use with copper water tube, establishes requirements for:

  1. Pressure-temperature ratings
  2. Abbreviations for end connections
  3. Sizes and method designating opening of fittings
  4. Marking
  5. Material
  6. Dimensions and tolerances
  7. Tests
ASME/ANSI B16.33 - 1990 - MANUALLY OPERATED METALLIC GAS VALVES FOR USE IN GAS PIPING SYSTEMS UP TO 124 PSIG

Generally this Standard covers requirements for manually operated metallic valves sizes NPS 1.2 through NPS 2, for outdoor installation as gas shut-off valves at the end of the gas service line and before the gas regulator and meter where the designated gauge pressure of the gas piping system does not exceed 125 psi (8.6 bar). The Standard applies to valves operated in a temperature environment between 0.20°F and 150°F (0.29°C and 66°C). Design this Standard set forth the minimum capabilities, characteristics, and properties, which a valve at the time of manufacture must possess, in order to be considered suitable for use in gas piping systems.

ASME/ANSI B16.34 - 1996 - FLANGED, THREADED, AND WELDED-END

This Standard applies to new valve construction and cover pressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, tolerances, materials, non-destructive examination requirements, testing, and marking for cast, forged, and fabricated flanged, threaded, and welding end, and wafer or flangeless valves of steel, nickel-based alloys, and other alloys shown in Table 1. Wafer or flangeless valves, bolted or through-bolt types, that are installed between flanges or against a flange shall be treated as flanged-end valve.

Maximum allowable working pressure (psig) and temperature ratings for steel pipe flanges and flanged fittings according to the American National Standard ANSI B16.5 - 1988.

CARBON STEEL FLANGES
Pressure Class (lb)
Temperature (°F) ANSI 150 ANSI 300 ANSI 400 ANSI 600 ANSI 900 ANSI 1500 ANSI 2500
Hydrostatic Test Pressure (psig)
200 (°F) 285 740 990 1480 2220 3705 6170
300 (°F) 230 655 875 1315 1970 3280 5470
400 (°F) 200 635 845 1270 1900 3170 5280
500 (°F) 170 600 800 1200 1795 2995 4990
600 (°F) 140 550 730 1095 1640 2735 4560
650 (°F) 125 535 715 1075 1610 2685 4475
700 (°F) 110 535 710 1065 1600 2665 4440
750 (°F) 95 505 670 1010 1510 2520 4200
STAINLESS STEEL FLANGES
Pressure Class (lb)
Temperature (°F) ANSI 150 ANSI 300 ANSI 400 ANSI 600 ANSI 900 ANSI 1500 ANSI 2500
Hydrostatic Test Pressure (psig)
-20 to 100 (°F) 275 720 960 1440 2160 3600 6000
200 (°F) 235 620 825 1240 1860 3095 5160
300 (°F) 215 560 745 1120 1680 275 4660
400 (°F) 195 515 685 1025 1540 2570 4280
500 (°F) 170 480 635 955 1435 2390 3980
600 (°F) 140 450 600 900 1355 2255 3760
650 (°F) 125 440 590 885 1325 2210 3680
700 (°F) 110 435 580 570 1305 2170 3620
750 (°F) 95 425 570 855 1280 2135 3560

Flanged End Pressure Ratings - Pressure ratings for fittings that have both tube fitting end connections and flange connections are determined by the connection with the lowest pressure rating.

WORKING PRESSURES BY CLASSES, BAR
Temperature (°C) ANSI 150 ANSI 300 ANSI 400 ANSI 600 ANSI 900 ANSI 1500 ANSI 2500
-29 to 38 (°C) 19 49.6 66.2 99.3 148.9 248.2 413.7
50 (°C) 18.4 48.1 64.2 96.2 144.3 240.6 400.9
100 (°C) 16.2 42.2 56.3 84.4 126.6 211 351.6
150 (°C) 14.8 38.5 51.3 77 115.5 192.5 320.8
200 (°C) 13.7 35.7 47.6 71.3 107 178.3 297.2
250 (°C) 12.1 33.4 44.5 66.8 100.1 166.9 278.1
300 (°C) 10.2 31.6 42.2 63.2 94.9 158.1 263.5
325 (°C) 9.3 30.9 41.2 61.8 92.7 154.4 257.4
350 (°C) 8.4 30.3 40.4 60.7 91 151.6 252.7
375 (°C) 7.4 29.9 39.8 59.8 89.6 149.4 249
400 (°C) 6.5 29.4 39.3 58.9 88.3 147.2 245.3
425 (°C) 5.5 29.1 38.9 58.3 87.4 145.7 242.9
450 (°C) 4.6 28.8 38.5 57.7 86.5 144.2 240.4
475 (°C) 3.7 28.7 38.2 57.3 86 143.4 238.9
500(°C) 2.8 28.2 37.6 56.5 84.7 140.9 235
538(°C) 1.4 25.2 33.4 50 75.2 125.5 208.9

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