|
RELATED SPECIFICATIONS |
|
|
GERMANY |
316 - W.Nr 1.4401 X5CrNiMo17 12 2 |
|
316L - W.Nr. 1.4404 X2CrNiMo17 12 2 |
|
|
GREAT BRITAIN |
316 - BS970 – Part 3 – 1991 316S31 |
|
316L - BS970 – Part 3 – 1991 316S11 |
|
|
JAPAN |
JIS G 4303 SUS 316 |
|
JIS G 4303 SUS 316L |
|
|
USA |
ASTM A276-98b 316/316L |
|
SAE 30316 |
|
|
AISI 316 |
|
|
AISI 316L |
|
|
316 - UNS S31600 |
|
|
316L - UNS S31603 |
|
| 316 | ||||||||
| C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Cr% | Ni% | Mo% | N% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Min. | - | - | - | - | 16 | 10 | 2 | - |
| Max. | 0.08 | 1 | 2 | 0.045 | 18 | 14 | 3 | 0.1 |
| 316L | ||||||||
| C% | Si% | Mn% | P% | S% | Cr% | Ni% | Mo% | N% |
| Min. | - | - | - | - | 16 | 10 | 2 | - |
| Max. | 0.03 | 1 | 2 | 0.045 | 18 | 14 | 3 | 0.1 |
316 (ANNEALED TO ASTM A276)
|
FINISH |
DIA OR THICKNESS (MM) |
TENSILE STRENGTH (MPa Min.) |
YIELD STRENGTH (MPa Min.) |
ELONGATION in 50mm % Min. |
|
Hot Finish |
All |
515 |
205 |
40 |
|
Cold Finish |
≤ 12.7 |
620 |
310 |
30 |
|
Cold Finish |
>12.7 |
515 |
205 |
30 |
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS:
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES:
Round bars supplied cold drawn to h9 condition up to 25.4mm, smooth turned and polished up to 127mm and peeled over 12.7mm.Square and Hex bars are cold drawn to h11 tolerance.
Size Range: 6.35mm – 310mm
Can also be made available in improved machinability quality.
POPULAR ASTM MATERIAL COMPARISON
| ASTM A351 Gr. | C% | Mn% | Si% | S% | P% | Cr% | Ni% | Mo% | Nb% | V% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CF3M+CF3MA | 0.03 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 17.00 - 21 | 9.00 - 13 | 2.00 - 3 | - | - |
| CF8M | 0.08 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 18.00 - 21 | 9.00 - 12 | 2.00 - 3 | - | - |
| ASTM A216 Gr. | C% | Mn% | P% | S% | Si% | Cu% | Ni% | Cr% | Mo% | V% |
| WCB UNS J03002 | 0.30 (2) | 1.00 (2) | 0.04 | 0.045 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.00 |
| ASTM A352 Gr. | C% | Si% | Mn% | Cr% | Mo% | Ni% | Cu% | Nb% | V% | |
| A352 LCB | 0.3 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | - | 0.03 | - |
WHY ARE STAINLESS STEEL CASTINGS MAGNETIC?
To answer this question, we must first look at the different classifications of stainless steels.
The terms “austenitic” and “ferritic” refer to crystalline structures. Austenitic (300 series) stainless steels, which are the most common, have an austenitic crystalline structure and are softer, ductile and also non-magnetic. Ferritic stainless steels, such as 430 and CB-30 grades, are harder, less ductile, and magnetic due to the predominantly ferrite makeup. Although ASTM grade CF8M and AISI 316 are austenitic stainless steels, AISI 316 is non-magnetic because it is essentially austenitic. Cast 316 or CF8M is slightly magnetic, however, because it is not entirely austenitic and contains between 5 to 20 per cent ferrite. By reducing or eliminating the quantity of ferrite in the chemical composition, wrought material manufacturers are able to make an alloy that is easier to roll into sheets or bars. Cast material manufacturers do not have the same requirements and therefore, can use a slightly harder alloy that contains ferrite.
PROS AND CONS
The advantages presented by the presence of ferrite in CF8M are:
- Higher yield strength - normally 35,000 to 45,000 psi with ferrite as opposed to a low of 20,000 psi with the ferrite eliminated.
- Increased resistance to stress corrosion cracking, and cracking during welding or casting
- Less severe consequences of inter-granular corrosion - localized corrosion on or along the grain (crystal) boundaries in an alloy - since the chromium carbide formation occurs on discontinuous ferrite/austenitic phase boundaries rather than continuous austenite grain boundaries
The disadvantages presented by the presence of ferrite in CF8M are:
- Specialized applications may require only non-magnetic materials, such as devices using magnetic coupling.
- Reduced impact toughness may occur at temperatures below -300°F and rarely after exposure to temperatures above 1,000°F.
CONCLUSION
While 316 stainless steel is called austenitic in all forms, your stainless steel casting may be slightly magnetic, while wrought stainless steel parts are not.
Back to Table of Contents